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The introduction to philosophy at general upper secondary schools as a didactic problem
Kadeřábková, Soňa ; Zicha, Zbyněk (advisor) ; Pelcová, Naděžda (referee)
This diploma thesis is devoted to the didactics of philosophy, specifically focusing on the topic of teaching introduction to philosophy at general upper secondary schools. It views this issue as a didactic problem, thereby establishing a central perspective, which is a didactic perspective. On the basis of the literature, the thesis first unpacks the basic aspects of the didactics of philosophy, which include the teaching objectives of general upper secondary school philosophy, models of teaching according to the way the curriculum is structured or the didactic principles of teaching philosophy. Subsequently, the thesis focuses directly on the issue of initiation and names the key moments of initiating the teaching of philosophy. Next, the thesis focuses its attention on selected philosophy textbooks for secondary schools. It analyses their introductory chapters, focusing in particular on whether the textbook's conception respects the theoretical suggestions made in didactic-philosophical publications. Specific examples from the textbooks are commented on with references to the theory presented in the previous chapters of this thesis, while presenting possibilities for variations in the textbook texts and exercises. In its conclusion, this thesis then formulates didactic principles for teaching...
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Výuka výchovy k občanství a základů společenských věd během pandemie covid-19
ŽIDOŇ, Zdeněk
Between 2020 and 2021, the whole world was dealing with a coronavirus pandemic that had a major impact on education. An unprecedented number of pupils and students found themselves in distance learning for which they were unprepared. The purpose of this paper is to determine what impact distance education has had on the teaching of civics and social studies. In the beginning of the thesis, the concept of key competences will be discussed and the quality of teaching of civics and social studies during traditional face-to-face teaching will be analysed. In the next part of the thesis, the course of the pandemic in the Czech Republic and its impact on the whole educational system will be analysed in detail. In the final part of the thesis, the author will try to answer the question whether it is possible to teach these subjects fully during distance education and will investigate the experience of distance learning of teachers of these subjects in České Budějovice.
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Teaching methods used in lessons of social sciences - focussed on teaching politics
BÍNOVÁ, Dominika
The diploma thesis deals with teaching methods used in lessons of social sciences with a focus on teaching politics. It describes civic education and social sciences as an important part of educational system in the Czech Republic. Through school educational programs, it characterizes politics, and it mentions some cross-cutting themes and key competences. It also deals with the attitude of young people towards politics (the interest in politics, voter turnout). The thesis then describes the action research carried out in the second year of grammar school, which aimed to assess the suitability of used teaching methods and their possible impact on improving the education of politics, the attitude of students towards politics and their knowledge. Based on the results of the questionnaire survey, there was no impact on students' attitude towards politics. However, the results show an increase in knowledge of the chosen topic (elections and electoral system). The variety of teaching methods used while teaching has helped to consolidate students' knowledge of the topic.
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The culture of organizations that provide social services
KUDRLIČKOVÁ, Veronika
This diploma thesis is part of a project entitled Selected Aspects of Social Work Management (registration number GAJU 052/2019 / S). The objectives of the diploma thesis are following: To find out and describe the organizational culture in social work (especially with regard to formal and informal conception) according to the typology of workplaces, to find out whether there are conflicts in workplaces new employees at a specific workplace and what are the managment expectations from freshly employed workers. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part is divided into two parts. The first part contains the definition and understanding of organizational culture, its best-known models, types and functions in organizations providing social services. The second part defines social services, its types and forms of provision, for-profit and non-profit sector, which is used by organizations. For the practical part of the diploma thesis, a mixed research strategy using the QUAN-qual scheme (The QUAN-Qual Model) was chosen. The quantitative part was evaluated using a scale dimension, where the values appeared from 1-10. 1-5 - unfavorable scale dimension, 5-10- favorable scale dimension. In the qualitative part, the interview technique was used according to the instructions and the data were processed using open, selective and axial coding. The qualitative part serves to supplement the quantitative part of the research with the knowledge of the managers of selected organizations that provide social services. Interviews were conducted with 24 informants. Quantitative research was carried out through a questionnaire by Professor Theodor Kollarik, from whom consent for its use was agreed. The questionnaire was structured in the form of a scale of size 1-10. The quantitative part of the research was aimed at directors of organizations that provide social services, but also for social workers in six randomly selected regions in the Czech Republic. A total of 396 directors and 331 social workers from organizations providing social services were included in the research. A total selection of organizations from the Register of Social Service Providers was made and a total of 1245 organizations providing social services were addressed. The results of my diploma thesis are a partial part of the overall results of the GAJU project entitled Selected Aspects of Social Work Management (registration number GAJU 052/2019 / S). Using a questionnaire survey, it was found that positive evaluations significantly prevailed in all areas. In almost all cases, a value of 8 or 9 appears, ie a value close to the maximum positive rating (10). This confirms that in the workplaces where the research was carried out, there are no elements of possible bullying or conflicts that have already arisen. As part of the research questions according to the interview, it was found out what employers imagine under the term organizational culture. It was also found out whether there are conflicts in the workplace in connection with the organizational culture of the workplace and what is the organizational culture of the workplace. The qualitative research also included the expectations of directors from new employees at a specific workplace. From qualitative research it is clear that organizational culture is evaluated in a positive direction. The obtained data will be used for further extension research, or can be used to create a proposal to improve the management of organizations in the social field.
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Artificial intelligence in the light of social science
Paukertová, Dominika ; Rynda, Ivan (advisor) ; Novák, Aleš (referee)
This diploma thesis deals with the phenomenon of artificial intelligence, which is viewed through the lens of social science. Specifically, it seeks to answer the question of whether social science has been able to anticipate the future in the case of artificial intelligence. In order to answer this question, a combination of the methods of symptomatic reading and hermeneutics is used in the following paper. These consist of reading the selected literature in order to find deeper meanings that may have seemed hidden at first glance. For the analysis I have chosen Ulrich Beck, Anthony Giddens and Niklas Luhmann as representatives of the social sciences, as each of them deals with the relationship between society and nature and thus their holistic worldview can be assumed to includes the topic of artificial intelligence. The thesis first deals with artificial intelligence itself, its development, types and threats. It concludes the first part by defining three selected areas of current risks, namely: the ambiguity of what AI actually is and is not and people's unclear ideas about it, the possibility of text and image manipulation, and finally the problem of outdated data and biased code. Before the analysis itself, I briefly introduce a few concepts from the social science literature for better...
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Operationalization in Social Science: Philosophy of Science Underpinnings and Selected Approaches
Röschová, Michaela ; Buriánek, Jiří (advisor) ; Vinopal, Jiří (referee)
The bachelor thesis pursues the issue of forms and functions of operationalization in social science in relation to its assumptions formed on the basis of philosophy of science conceptions. It shows that the problem was historically shaped by logical empiricism and in spite of the rejection of basic aspects of this position, its influence can still be detected in some approaches to operationalization. As a framework for drawing up operational definitions enabling to step aside from remaining tendencies of logical empiricism the methodological impulses stemming from the realist philosophy of science are brought forward. The first chapter points out to the fact that comparatively little attention has been given to the issue of operationalization in the general methodology of social sciences and presents an overview of plausible explanations of this situation. After that, a standard model of the process of operationalization is outlined together with various conceptions of conditions of its application. The clarification of the philosophy of science basis of operationalization taking place in subsequent parts is therefore expected to provide at least a partial explanation of the little attention given to operationalization. Above all, it aims to set a firm ground for the grasp of various contents of...
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Differences in the level of spirituality among university students of social and exact sciences
Švecová, Helena ; Beláňová, Andrea (advisor) ; Lukavská, Kateřina (referee)
The purpose of this bachelor thesis is to describe the specific situation of religion in the Czech Republic in the historical context and to attempt to put spirituality and its importance into the said context. Another goal is to find out whether there is a difference in the degree of spirituality between university students of social sciences and students of exact sciences. Besides, the thesis maps spirituality of university students in general and tries to find out if other demographic data, particulary gender and religiosity, influence the degree of spirituality. Other goals are presenting different views on definition of spirituality, its description from psychological perspective and its distinction from other related concepts, especially religiosity. This thesis also mentions spirituality as a part of psychology of religion and presents the perspectives of some authors, who dealt with spirituality. The thesis also lists various tools for measuring spirituality. In that subchapter the greatest emphasis is placed on the presentation of the Prague Spirituality Questionnaire, analysis of its subscales and overall evaluation. For realisation of the empirical part, data was collected from 256 students, who completed an online version of Prague Spirituality Questionnaire extended with questions...
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Multiparadigmatic Teaching of Social Sciences in High School
Charvát, Štěpán ; Dvořáková, Michaela (advisor) ; Zicha, Zbyněk (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is to present a specific type of teaching of social sciences in high school, namely the multiparadigmatic type. In accordance with the multiparadigmatic character of social sciences, this teaching type accentuates the plurality of approaches to a given social topic and does not indoctrinate the learner with one specific approach or paradigm. The theoretical part of this diploma thesis describes the concept of scientific paradigms, mostly on the basis of the findings of philosopher T. S. Kuhn, who addresses this issue in the context of natural sciences. Next, it is explained why the concept of paradigms can be related to social sciences and how these two science areas differ. The multiparadigmatic character of social sciences is then applied to their didactics, where selected methodological aspects of multiparadigmatic teaching are discussed, such as the choice of paradigms, working with them, and the attitude of the teacher. This part of the diploma thesis also illustrates the concepts of monoparadigmatism and multiparadigmatism with the comparison of two didactic manuals and two curricular documents from various environments. Furthermore, it describes the reasons for the employment of multiparadigmatic teaching as well as its conditions and limitations. The...
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